By Col. Lawrence Sellin (Ret.). Identifying the unique characteristics of CoVid-19, understanding the techniques that have been used to study coronaviruses and analyzing the scientific publications going back two decades or more will all be key in determining the origin of the Wuhan pandemic.
Since the 2002-2003 SARS coronavirus pandemic (SARS-CoV), which also originated in China, it has been known that human infectivity depends on the coronavirus’ capability to bind to a human lung cell receptor, in this case, angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE2), a property that CoVid-19 also possesses.
In 2008, scientists at the Wuhan Institute of Virology, led by Zhengli Shi, demonstrated the importance of the human ACE2 binding capability by using bioengineering techniques to “splice” the receptor binding domain of SARS-CoV onto a non-human-infecting bat coronavirus, thereby creating the capability for the “new” virus to infect humans.
By 2013, a growing number of horseshoe bat coronaviruses, capable of binding to the human ACE2 receptor, were isolated by the Wuhan Institute of Virology under the direction of Zhengli Shi.
Given the possibility that CoVid-19 could be a naturally-occurring mutation within the bat population that “jumped” to humans, scientists world-wide have attempted to match CoVid-19’s genetic and amino acid sequence with coronaviruses found in nature.
Up until now, they have been unable to do so, but the nearest naturally-occurring relatives or “progenitors” of CoVid-19 have been suggested.
In the March 2020 scientific article “The proximal origin of SARS-CoV-2,” which has been widely cited both in the scientific literature and the mainstream media as evidence for CoVid-19 being a naturally-occurring coronavirus, the authors identified a number of close relatives to CoVid-19 and, from that, quickly concluded that CoVid-19 must occur in nature.
Yet, the authors cannot explain the presence of a unique amino acid sequence composed of Arginine-Arginine-Alanine-Arginine (RRAR), called a furin (polybasic) cleavage site that does not exist in any of the identified close relatives.
The minimum sequence for a furin cleavage site is R-X-X-R, where Arginine (R) occurs in the first and last positions and the middle two positions can be any amino acid, but activity of the furin cleavage site can be significantly enhanced with a basic amino acid like Arginine in the second position, as occurs in CoVid-19.
Furin cleavage sites have been found to be important factors contributing to the pathogenicity in human (MERS) coronavirus infections and in animals, like the bird infectious bronchitis Beaudette coronavirus strain, which has a furin cleavage site sequence of Arginine-Arginine-Lysine-Arginine, closely matching that of CoVid-19.
It is important to note that furin cleavage sites have been “introduced” into coronaviruses using widely-known genetic engineering techniques since, at least, 2006 in order to study the effect of cleavage to mediate cell-to-cell fusion and affect viral infectivity.
In the absence of conclusive evidence that CoVid-19 is naturally-occurring either within the bat population or as a Chinese laboratory isolate, it is postulated that CoVid-19 may have been manufactured as part of a research program and accidentally leaked from a high containment facility.
Lawrence Sellin, Ph.D. is a retired U.S. Army Reserve colonel, who previously worked at the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases and conducted basic and clinical research in the pharmaceutical industry. He is also a member of the Citizens Commission on National Security. His email address is [email protected].
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US Investigating “Man-made” in Wuhan Lab
By CNN. US intelligence and national security officials say the United States government is looking into the possibility that the novel coronavirus originated in a Chinese laboratory rather than a market, according to multiple sources familiar with the matter who caution it is premature to draw any conclusions.
The theory is one of multiple being pursued by investigators as they attempt to determine the origin of the coronavirus that has resulted in a pandemic and killed hundreds of thousands. The US does not believe the virus was associated with bioweapons research, and officials noted that the intelligence community is also exploring a range of other theories regarding the origination of the virus, as would typically be the case for high-profile incidents, according to an intelligence source. . .
An intelligence official familiar with the government analysis said a theory US intelligence officials are investigating is that the virus originated in a laboratory in Wuhan, China, and was accidentally released to the public. Other sources told CNN that US intelligence hasn’t been able to corroborate the theory but is trying to discern whether someone was infected in the lab through an accident or poor handling of materials and may have then infected others. (Read more from “U.S. Explores Possibility That Coronavirus Started in Wuhan Lab” HERE)
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Sources Believe Coronavirus Originated in Wuhan Lab as Part of China’s Efforts to Compete With U.S.
By Fox News. There is increasing confidence that COVID-19 likely originated in a Wuhan laboratory not as a bioweapon, but as part of China’s effort to demonstrate that its efforts to identify and combat viruses are equal to or greater than the capabilities of the United States, multiple sources who have been briefed on the details of early actions by China’s government and seen relevant materials tell Fox News.
This may be the “costliest government coverup of all time,” one of the sources said.
The sources believe the initial transmission of the virus was bat-to-human, and that “patient zero” worked at the laboratory, then went into the population in Wuhan.
The “increasing confidence” comes from classified and open-source documents and evidence, the sources said. Fox News has requested to see the evidence directly.
Asked by Fox News’ John Roberts about the reporting, President Trump remarked at Wednesday’s coronavirus press briefing, “More and more we’re hearing the story…we are doing a very thorough examination of this horrible situation.” (Read more from “Sources Believe Coronavirus Originated in Wuhan Lab as Part of China’s Efforts to Compete With U.S.” HERE)
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