Posts

What Trump Can and Can’t Do to Make Changes to Civil Forfeiture

President Donald Trump’s comments on a procedure that allows law enforcement to seize property sparked much debate in the media and on the internet.

But for stakeholders who oppose the practice, called civil asset forfeiture, the president’s statements presented a learning experience for the country’s chief executive.

Trump’s comments came during a roundtable discussion with county sheriffs last week, where Jefferson County, Kentucky, Sheriff John Aubrey asked the president about efforts to curb law enforcement’s use of civil asset forfeiture.

The question sparked a brief discussion about the tool, which allows law enforcement to seize property and cash if they suspect it’s connected to criminal activity.

In the back-and-forth, Trump questioned why anyone would want to limit the police’s ability to take “a huge stash of drugs,” and ultimately told the sheriffs in attendance they were “encouraged” to take property through civil forfeiture.

The comments satisfied the law enforcement community, who believe that civil forfeiture is a critical tool to curb drug trafficking and money laundering.

“For over 30 years, the asset forfeiture program has allowed law enforcement to deprive criminals of both the proceeds and tools of crime,” Chuck Canterbury, national president of the Fraternal Order of Police, wrote in a December op-ed in The Daily Caller.

“The resources provided by the Equitable Sharing Program have allowed agencies to participate in joint task forces to thwart and deter serious criminal activity and terrorism, purchase equipment, provide training upgrade technology, engage their communities, and better protect their officers,” he continued. “It has been remarkably successful.”

But for civil forfeiture opponents who have been working with policymakers at the federal and state level, Trump’s comments demonstrated a “profound misunderstanding” of the issue, one that left open the door for some explanation from those who want reforms.

“We think if the president knew about the extent of forfeiture abuse across the country, his remarks would’ve been very different,” Darpana Sheth, a senior attorney at the Institute for Justice, told The Daily Signal.

The Institute for Justice, a public interest law firm, is part of a broad coalition of civil forfeiture opponents who believe the tool allows police to seize cash, cars, and property from people who are unaware of any wrongdoing and were never charged with a crime.

At the heart of the issue is the profit incentive opponents say civil forfeiture creates, since laws in half of the states and the federal government let police keep 100 percent of the proceeds from forfeited property.

And while some in law enforcement believe that efforts to reform civil forfeiture laws in the halls of Congress and in state legislatures are rooted in opposition to law enforcement, Sheth said that’s a misconception.

“Civil forfeiture warps law enforcement’s incentives and puts police officers in this untenable position of having to choose going after money rather than criminals,” she said. “They have to be revenue generators rather than fight crime. Once we have adequate reforms, it would free them to focus on fighting crime.”

Still, Trump’s comments left many unanswered questions, and the White House did not return requests for clarification on the president’s stance on the issue.

If Trump did want to put civil forfeiture “back in business,” as he told sheriffs last week, there are some changes he could make.

Movement in Congress

Each state and the federal government have different laws that dictate how local, state, and federal law enforcement agencies can seize and forfeit property using civil forfeiture.

At the federal level, there’s little Trump can do to change civil forfeiture laws without an act of Congress.

Even if lawmakers decided to move forward with reforms, the momentum is for tightening, not loosening, the statutes governing law enforcement’s ability to seize property, said Jason Snead, a policy analyst at The Heritage Foundation who has written extensively about civil forfeiture.

Last year, a bipartisan group of lawmakers in the House and Senate introduced the Due Process Act, which aimed to make it harder for law enforcement to take property from innocent Americans.

The bill stalled in Congress, but Snead said there’s still broad interest from Republicans and Democrats to pass civil forfeiture reform as part of a broader criminal justice reform package.

While President Barack Obama made criminal justice reform a priority of his administration, Trump’s comments injected uncertainty into the debate.

“We might see some movement in the upcoming Congress,” Snead told The Daily Signal. “But the question becomes, ‘What is the administration’s position and would they sign anything?’”

Aside from congressional action, the president and his Justice Department, led by Attorney General Jeff Sessions, do have latitude in the agency’s Equitable Sharing Program.

Under Equitable Sharing, local and state agencies participating in a joint investigation with the federal government can forfeit property under federal forfeiture laws, which are less stringent than those in some states.

The program also allows local and state agencies to keep up to 80 percent of the proceeds from forfeited property.

In 2015, the Justice Department, then led by Attorney General Eric Holder, made a significant change to Equitable Sharing.

The program allowed local and state law enforcement to seize property, which would then be “adopted” by federal agencies. Once the adoption occurred, the property was forfeited under federal law.

But Holder decided to implement a new policy prohibiting the federal government from “adopting” seizures, and today, local and state law enforcement agencies participating in Equitable Sharing have to be working alongside federal agencies to forfeit property under federal law.

That could all change, though, with Sessions in charge at the Justice Department, particularly if he decided to roll back Holder’s changes.

“We would be taking a step back to where we were in 2015,” Snead said.

While a senator from Alabama, Sessions opposed recent attempts to reform federal civil forfeiture laws.

And he said in the past that he was “very unhappy” with criticisms of how civil forfeiture is being used.

But Snead is holding out hope that both Sessions and Trump change their tune on the issue.

“We need to get in front of the president the actual facts on the ground, the extremely limited protections that are in place for property owners, and the fact that there is a financial incentive that can skew the policies and priorities,” he said.

Galvanized

While there is momentum for federal civil forfeiture reform coming from members of Congress, much of the action on the issue is taking place in the states.

Last year, a handful of states—including Florida, California, and Ohio—passed bills to tighten their civil forfeiture laws.

In total, 20 states and the District of Columbia have passed laws reforming civil forfeiture. In more than 12 states, the government must secure a conviction before forfeiting property.

“A lot of the power is in state legislator’s hands,” Snead said. “If they use that power wisely, they can make some dramatic steps.”

Already, state legislators in more than a dozen states like Illinois, Indiana, and Texas are considering legislation to require a criminal conviction before assets can be forfeited.

And Sheth said Trump’s comments likely provided state lawmakers with more motivation to push bills reforming state civil forfeiture laws across the finish line.

“People are galvanized by this,” she said. “These claims that you get that are unrebutted, that these are made up stories, the people who have experienced [civil forfeiture] or know about it know this clearly isn’t true. I think it sparks a kind of outrage.” (For more from the author of “What Trump Can and Can’t Do to Make Changes to Civil Forfeiture” please click HERE)

Follow Joe Miller on Twitter HERE and Facebook HERE.

Trump Terrorism Adviser Says War on ISIS About Ideology

One of the key figures driving President Donald Trump’s national security policy outlined a counterterrorism vision on Monday squarely focused on defeating ISIS beyond the battlefield.

Sebastian Gorka’s view of the ISIS threat melds with many in the White House who believe that the U.S. is engaged in a nontraditional war against radical Islam.

Gorka, and others in Trump’s orbit, allege that previous administrations have not properly combatted the ideology they say fuels terrorism, and that the U.S. government has struggled to define the war it is fighting.

“In this current warfare environment, body bags are not a good metric for winning,” said Gorka, a deputy assistant to the president, during an event at The Heritage Foundation. “You can kill a jihadi high-value target. But what happens if the next day, 20 people volunteer to replace that jihadi? The last 16 years we have become preeminent in exquisite whack-a-mole. Oh, and we are good at it.”

“We look at physical battlefield actions as the metric for success,” Gorka continued. “We have to understand 80 percent of this war will be fought in the mind, and 80 percent of our conflict will be fought in the media domain.”

Early Actions

Gorka, a former Breitbart News national security editor who has held positions at various military educational institutions, did not outline specific policies that transfer his ideas into action.

But some early actions by the Trump administration, and others reportedly being considered for roles in it, reflect a different approach to counterterrorism explicitly focused on “radical Islamic terrorism.”

At the Heritage event, Gorka defended Trump’s controversial executive order temporarily halting refugee admissions, and travel from seven countries the Obama administration and Congress had designated as posing risks of terrorism.

Politico reported Monday that Gorka was one of the few White House staffers consulted ahead of Trump’s order, which has been blocked by the courts.

Lawsuits around the country have alleged that Trump’s order violates the Constitution by intentionally punishing Muslims, and many trial courts blocked aspects of the president’s order.

Gorka, and others in the Trump administration, reject charges of religious intent, and say the chosen countries are sources of terrorism.

“One of the reasons the president signed his executive order [is that] those [targeted] nations are where ISIS and al-Qaeda exist, plus Iran,” Gorka said. “We won’t capture or kill all jihadis. What will happen is they will move. They may go to your neck of the woods. We want to make sure that events like Berlin, like Nice, like Paris, don’t happen in America. We have to understand that ISIS’ battlefront begins when you leave your house in the morning.”

Gorka’s calls for a tougher response against Islamist radicalism are reflected in other moves being considered by the White House.

The Trump administration is reportedly considering re-engineering a Department of Homeland Security domestic counterterrorism program—known as Countering Violent Extremism—to concentrate on Islamic extremism only. Some counterterrorism experts say this singular focus ignores other forms of extremism, and may harm relations between Muslim community groups and the government.

In addition, the Trump administration, according to The New York Times and others, is debating an order to designate the Muslim Brotherhood, an influential Islamist group in the Middle East, as a foreign terrorist organization.

‘Help Muslims Win the War’

Together, these actions and ideas represent an about-face to traditional U.S. strategy embraced by both Republican and Democrat administrations.

Former Presidents George W. Bush and Barack Obama defined the terror threat in narrower terms as they tried to avoid making it seem the U.S. was at war with Islam.

They argued that a more direct focus on radical Islam would feed into ISIS’ narrative that Muslims are not welcome in the West, and encourage more extremism.

Gorka on Monday defended himself against others in the national security establishment who’ve criticized his rhetoric as inflammatory.

“We are not at war with Islam,” Gorka said. “Let me be explicit here. It’s very easy for our detractors to paint us as Islamophobes. It is absolutely wrong. This is a war inside Islam—war for the heart of Islam. Which version will be preeminent? We have to help Muslims win the war for the heart of their own religion.”

Whereas Obama tried to not legitimize ISIS by overstating its power, and said he believed they did not constitute an existential threat to America, Gorka argues the U.S. government needs to take the claims of the terrorist group literally.

“ISIS is different because it succeeds where every jihadi group failed, and it has captured transnational, transregional territory, which by itself means it is a tier one threat to all people who believe in freedom of religion, freedom of expression, democracy, and representative government,” Gorka said. “ISIS has not just rehashed al-Qaeda’s message of jihad. They have really executed an ideological and theological coup.”

“Every time it [ISIS] tweets or goes on Telegram [a messaging service] and says, ‘We are the Islamic State of Iraq and al-Sham [translation of Syria in Arabic],’ they are a sending very powerful message to that man in his mom’s basement, to that Pakistani immigrant on a fiancé visa in San Bernardino,” Gorka added.

‘Deligitimze Ideology’

Gorka, and others in the Trump administration, have so far not outlined specific differences on how to fight ISIS and take back territory it controls in Iraq and Syria.

Late last month, Trump issued a directive ordering his new defense secretary, retired Marine Gen. James Mattis, to submit a strategy within 30 days to defeat ISIS.

But Gorka did signal a pullback from one component of the Obama administration’s counterterrorism strategy: relying on elite special operations forces to conduct raids and kill missions. Obama described this approach as less costly and more efficient than traditional combat operations.

Trump’s first counterterrorism operation using special operations forces, a raid against al-Qaeda’s Yemen affiliate last month, resulted in the death of a Navy SEAL, and civilian casualties.

“In the last eight years, we have tended as a government to look at our special operations capabilities as the easy button,” Gorka said. “That is a wholly fallacious understanding of special operations. The whole point of our bravest of the brave is that they are a tactical level deployment meant to effect strategic results—not a tactical level asset for tactical results. We should go back primarily to do what they were created to do. We should be helping others fight their own fights, not fight their fights for them.”

If Trump follows Gorka’s approach to counterterrorism, he envisions a dramatic result.

“What is victory in this war?” Gorka said. “Sebastian Gorka’s definition of victory is very simple. We will have won when the black flag of jihad, when the black flag of ISIS, is as repugnant across the world as the white peaked hood of the Ku Klux Klan and the black, white, and red swastika of Hitler’s Third Reich.”

“Don’t get me wrong, killing terrorists is great,” Gorka continued. “I am down with killing terrorists. But the ultimate victory will have accrued when we delegitimize the ideology of groups like the Islamic State.” (For more from the author of “Trump Terrorism Adviser Says War on ISIS About Ideology” please click HERE)

Follow Joe Miller on Twitter HERE and Facebook HERE.

Trump Has Fewest Cabinet Secretaries Confirmed Since George Washington

It took nearly a month, but President Donald Trump is finally operating with at least half of his Cabinet in place. Not since George Washington in 1789 has a newly elected president waited so long.

Twenty-five days after Trump took the oath of office, the Senate on Monday night voted to confirm the eighth and ninth members of his Cabinet: Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin and Veterans Affairs Secretary David Shulkin. The six remaining Cabinet nominees will have to wait a while longer.

Why? Unprecedented delays and obstructionism on the part of Democrats have resulted in the most contentious confirmation process in U.S. history, according to a Washington Post analysis. No other president’s nominees have collectively faced similar opposition.

And that’s just the 15 members of Trump’s Cabinet. Other top nominees, such as Rep. Mick Mulvaney to lead the Office of Management and Budget and Scott Pruitt to head the Environmental Protection Agency, continue to wait as well. And then there’s Supreme Court nominee Neil Gorsuch, who could face the biggest battle of anyone.

It’s the consequence of a polarized Washington, where Democrats are in no rush to rubber-stamp Trump’s picks, even though past presidents have been afforded such a courtesy.

“President Trump has the fewest Cabinet secretaries confirmed at this point than any other incoming president since George Washington,” lamented Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell last week. “The president deserves to have his Cabinet in place. The American people deserve that, too.”

The Kentucky Republican, a scholar of Senate history, reviewed the records and discovered that prior to the 1950s, most Cabinet nominees faced no opposition at all. (McConnell’s analysis included first-term elected presidents, not those who assumed office after a vacancy.)

In fact, many presidents had their Cabinet nominees in place on Day One. Such was the case beginning in 1881 with President James Garfield and spanning 52 years until President Franklin D. Roosevelt.

Washington, of course, was establishing the office for the first time when he was inaugurated on April 30, 1789. His Cabinet wasn’t confirmed until September 1789.

In recent history, Trump’s predecessors have enjoyed a much faster pace of Cabinet confirmations. At this point in their presidencies, here’s how they compared to Trump:

Barack Obama had 12 of 15 confirmed.

George W. Bush had 14 of 14 confirmed.

Bill Clinton had 13 of 14 confirmed.

George H.W. Bush had 10 of 14 confirmed.

Ronald Reagan had 12 of 13 confirmed.

Jimmy Carter had 11 of 11 confirmed.

Richard Nixon had 12 of 12 confirmed.

John F. Kennedy had 10 of 10 confirmed.

Dwight D. Eisenhower had nine of 10 confirmed.

Monday’s confirmation of Mnuchin and Shulkin gives Trump nine of his 15 Cabinet secretaries. Two of Trump’s nominees—Sonny Perdue for agriculture secretary and Andrew Puzder for labor secretary—haven’t had a committee hearing yet. Puzder’s is scheduled for Thursday, while Perdue, picked Jan. 18, is still awaiting a date.

The confirmation delays have left many agencies without a leader, a situation Democrats know is impeding Trump’s ability to implement his policies.

“This is a president who wants change, and he has got to get his nominees confirmed as soon as possible if he is going to get that change,” Don Devine, director of the Office of Personnel Management under Reagan, told The Daily Signal last month.

Under the leadership of Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, Democrats have kept their promise to delay Trump’s nominees, even if they lack the votes ultimately to defeat them.

Schumer, D-N.Y., specifically targeted eight of Trump’s picks. Five now have been confirmed: Education Secretary Betsy DeVos, Health and Human Services Secretary Tom Price, Attorney General Jeff Sessions, Secretary of State Rex Tillerson, and Mnuchin. The other three targeted are Mulvaney, Pruitt, and Puzder.

Trump has also voiced frustration with the slow progress.

And while the Senate slowly confirms his Cabinet, the time it spends to do so prevents lawmakers from addressing the president’s legislative priorities. Last week, for instance, senators had to wait 30 hours between votes because of Democrat delaying tactics. The Senate confirmed three nominees—DeVos, Sessions, and Price—over the span of a week.

Even those who won Senate confirmation faced “record-setting opposition,” according to The New York Times.

Another delaying tactic Democrats have employed is boycotting the nominees’ committee votes to deny a quorum. Three of Trump’s nominees have faced this treatment—unprecedented for a newly elected president. Obama and Bush nominees faced similar boycotts, but not until later in their presidencies.

In 2009, Obama had 10 Cabinet secretaries confirmed after his first week in office. Nine of those nominees won Senate confirmation by voice vote, where an official tally isn’t recorded.

The Obama nominee who faced the greatest GOP opposition—Timothy Geithner for treasury secretary—was approved 60-34 on Jan. 26, 2009, less than a week after Obama took office.

Like Trump, Obama enjoyed a Senate controlled by his own party. Democrats had 57 senators on Jan. 20, 2009, when Obama took office. Today, Republicans have 52 senators. (For more from the author of “Trump Has Fewest Cabinet Secretaries Confirmed Since George Washington” please click HERE)

Follow Joe Miller on Twitter HERE and Facebook HERE.

Was Menachem Begin the Donald Trump of Israel?

George Orwell ‘s 1984 and Sinclair Lewis’s It Can’t Happen Here have returned to the bestseller lists, as readers prepare for totalitarian rule in America. Many liberals are filled with fear, and some grieve as though a close relative has died.

Lena Dunham, star of the HBO TV show, Girls, has returned with a slimmer figure. She told Howard Stern why on his radio show:

Donald Trump became president and I stopped being able to eat food. Everyone’s been asking like, ‘What have you been doing?’ And I’m like, ‘Try soul-crushing pain and devastation and hopelessness and you, too, will lose weight.’

Filled with despair, some liberals have convinced themselves that Donald Trump’s election is likely to lead to the end of American democracy.

This is odd.

After all, Trump’s first Supreme Court nominee, Neal Gorsuch, is a strict Constitutionalist. That choice is consistent with the seriousness Trump has shown in his first days in office about keeping his campaign promises, and foremost among these is appointing judges who want to hold back the government’s power and reach.

Nobody Panicked When Obama Abused His Power

Ironically, the recent administration which showed the least regard for the Constitution and the principle of limited government was that of Barack Obama. It was Obama, after all, who proposed a health care law that appeared to be a first step towards nationalization of medicine. Moreover, set within that plan were regulations, later overturned by the courts, which required religious organizations to provide their employees with free abortifacients. Even convents were to be compelled to give their novices stocks of drugs for killing fetuses.

The Obama administration further showed its disregard for the Constitution in its unwillingness to act against IRS agents who had targeted grassroots conservative organizations.

In addition, under Obama there was a broad expansion of domestic wiretapping, a wholesale growth of the national security state and increased use of targeted killings of foreigners — and even Americans abroad — who were suspected of involvement with terror cells.

Why, then, are liberals behaving so hysterically now?

All the “Best People” Think He’s a Thug

Perhaps a clue can be found in the Israel of 1977. In that year, Menachem Begin‘s conservative Likud party defeated Israel’s Labor party, making Begin the country’s prime minister. The response of most Israeli intellectuals was much like that of liberals in the United States today: a national media and upper-class meltdown.

Left-wing and center-left parties had dominated Israeli politics since the country’s founding in 1948. Although its management of the country’s economy was often ineffectual, the leftist “Alignment” had the backing of the nation’s powerful labor unions and nearly all of its leading intellectuals. Its popularity was particularly great among secular Jews and among European-descended Jews, the “Ashkenazim.” These groups also comprised most of the leaders of the country’s military.

Your Voters are Deplorable, with Tacky Accents

When it was declared on television in May 1977 that Begin’s Likud party had won the election, the announcer promptly termed it a “revolution,” and it is still often referred to in Israel as The Revolution (HaMahapakh). Intellectuals were shocked and repelled. This was embodied during a campaign event that proved pivotal to the election’s outcome. During a major Labor Party rally, a comedian named Dudu Topaz mocked Begin’s supporters for their accents. Since many were refugees expelled from North African countries like Morocco, they spoke with an accent that caused them to be called “chach chach.” The term referred to their difficulty pronouncing the Hebrew letter “ch.” It was a put-down meant to suggest that they were low-class and uneducated.

Begin responded by arranging a counter-rally just before the country went to the polls. Weakened by a recent heart attack, Begin arose before his followers as best he could and pointedly noted that Jews were one people, no matter if they were from Europe or the Middle East, poor or rich, and that they had to stand together as one in a world filled with enemies. The “chach chach” cheered him wildly and then went to vote. It was these working-class and less educated voters who decided the election for Begin. They liked his unabashed nationalism and his undoubted religious faith.

It was a shock to the Westernized, mostly agnostic intellectuals who had run the country for almost thirty years. They found Begin’s win almost incredible, and they regarded the man with open contempt. This hostility was so great that the country’s first prime minister, David Ben-Gurion, had reportedly refused to even speak Begin’s name.

A Mad Right-Winger has Seized Control of Our Country!

Begin was mocked for his belief in free-market economics, and he was accused of being a terrorist. The basis of the charge of terrorism was a bombing that men loyal to Begin had carried out against the King David Hotel in Jerusalem in 1946. Begin’s agents had called the hotel to warn all inside to leave the building before the bomb was to go off, and they had planned the attack at the request of men loyal to Begin’s rival, Ben-Gurion. Nonetheless, the attack led to 91 deaths, and blame had long been pinned on Begin for the lives lost.

Thus, with Begin’s election in 1977, it was easy for intellectuals to persuade themselves that they had been defeated in the election by a mad right-winger backed by uncouth people who took all their ideas from the Bible. Surely, they declared, Israel’s economy would be ruined, and war with Israel’s neighbors was likely.

What actually happened, however, was that Begin led Israel towards a formal peace treaty with Egypt, and, with lower taxes and less regulation, the nation started on its trek to its current status: a rich nation, that is among the world leaders in technology.

What’s Really at Stake: Loss of Status

In retrospect, it’s apparent that what the “smart” Israelis were really suffering from was a loss of social standing. They had always been the ones in charge. They were both literally and figuratively the authorities. Then, quite abruptly, they had been tossed aside and ignored by the little people. But those Bible-thumpers turned out to be the wise ones.

Is something similar happening in the U.S. forty years later? Time will tell. (For more from the author of “Was Menachem Begin the Donald Trump of Israel?” please click HERE)

Follow Joe Miller on Twitter HERE and Facebook HERE.

How Trump’s Executive Orders Line up With Past Presidents

President Donald Trump is moving rapidly to fulfill campaign promises early. With little activity from Congress so far, Trump has used executive actions to achieve what he pledged to do.

Trump is on track to begin his fourth week in the White House having issued 12 executive orders. While questions have surfaced over Trump’s use of executive power, recent history demonstrates that Trump’s actions are in line with past presidents.

By the end of his third week in office in 2009, President Barack Obama had issued 14 executive orders.

Trump and Obama each issued five executive orders in the first week in office. Prior to Trump, Obama was the first modern-day president since John F. Kennedy to issue more than two in the first week.

Traditionally, a president’s early orders aim either to make good immediately on campaign commitments or rescind the previous administration’s policies. Trump has done both.

On Trump’s first day, he signed an order to begin dismantling Obamacare. Obama, on his third day in the White House, signed an executive order on closing the detention center for terrorism suspects at Guantanamo Bay Naval Base. In the face of congressional opposition, it has yet to close.

In addition to his 12 executive orders, Trump issued 12 presidential memorandums and two proclamations—totaling 26 executive actions.

An executive order is one of three basic types of written instructions a president can employ to achieve a desired outcome through the executive branch of government. The total number of executive orders issued by American presidents is over 15,000, according to data collected by the American Presidency Project.

President George Washington issued a total of eight executive orders, according to the data, while John Adams, James Madison, and James Monroe were the only presidents to issue just one.

President Franklin D. Roosevelt holds the record with 3,721—five of which were overturned by the Supreme Court in 1935. More recently, President Bill Clinton issued 364 and President George W. Bush issued 291 during their two terms.

Trump’s actions are consistent with presidents of the modern era. In his first year as president, Obama issued 39 executive orders, Bush issued 54, and Clinton issued 57.

Trump’s 12 executive orders address rolling back Wall Street regulations, reducing government regulations, placing ethics restrictions on administration officials, implementing a temporary ban on travel from seven terrorism-prone nations, enforcing border security, cutting federal funds to sanctuary cities, expediting environmental reviews, and reducing the burden of Obamacare.

His latest orders focus on “making America safe again,” which includes implementing a task force on “crime reduction and public safety,” preventing violence against law enforcement officers, and enforcing federal law to stop international trafficking of “humans, drugs, or other substances, wildlife, and weapons.”

Trump’s executive actions drew controversy, especially his order temporarily suspending immigration or travel from seven terrorism-prone countries. A federal judge in Seattle paused enforcement of the order Tuesday, and the 9th Circuit Court of Appeals in San Francisco upheld that ruling Thursday.

Over his two terms, Obama issued 276 executive orders, some of which conservatives criticized and even went to court over. Some of the most contested ones addressed illegal immigrants, health care, gun control, cybersecurity, the environment, education, and gender identity.

In his second term, Obama touted his executive power, saying: “We’re not just going to be waiting for legislation in order to make sure that we’re providing Americans the kind of help they need. I’ve got a pen and I’ve got a phone.”

Many Trump supporters looked forward to seeing him fulfill his campaign commitment to reversing some of Obama’s executive actions, with Republican controlling the White House as well as both chambers of Congress. (For more from the author of “How Trump’s Executive Orders Line up With Past Presidents” please click HERE)

Follow Joe Miller on Twitter HERE and Facebook HERE.

Trump Friend Says Priebus Is ‘in Way Over His Head’

One of President Trump’s longtime friends made a striking move on Sunday: After talking privately with the president over drinks late Friday, Christopher Ruddy publicly argued that Trump should replace his White House chief of staff.

“A lot of people have been saying, ‘Look, Donald has some problems,’ and I think he realizes that he’s got to make some changes going forward,” Ruddy said in an interview with The Washington Post.

Ruddy went on to detail his critique of White House Chief of Staff Reince Priebus: “It’s my view that Reince is the problem. I think on paper Reince looked good as the chief of staff — and Donald trusted him — but it’s pretty clear the guy is in way over his head. He’s not knowledgeable of how federal agencies work, how the communications operations work. He botched this whole immigration rollout. This should’ve been a win for Donald, not two or three weeks of negative publicity.”

(Read more from “Trump Friend Says Priebus Is ‘in Way Over His Head'” HERE)

Follow Joe Miller on Twitter HERE and Facebook HERE.

What Is Likely to Happen With Trump’s Travel Ban

As promised, after assuming office President Donald Trump immediately began signing executive orders reversing several policies of the Obama administration — including the famous “travel ban.” And as expected, Democratic politicians and liberal activists objected. As usual, they used the courts to try to get what they couldn’t get politically.

Executive Order 13769, “Protecting the Nation From Foreign Terrorist Entry Into the United States,” put into place a 90-day ban on immigrants and refugees from seven countries known for terrorism. The explanation in the EO stated, “Deteriorating conditions in certain countries due to war, strife, disaster, and civil unrest increase the likelihood that terrorists will use any means possible to enter the United States.”

The president has argued that he was doing what the law allows him to do. The relevant federal statute authorizes the president to suspend immigration as long as necessary in order to protect the country.

Doing What the Law Lets Him Do

The Attorney General of the state of Washington decided to challenge the EO. He apparently went “judge shopping,” and found a sympathetic federal judge in Seattle who had once represented refugees pro bono. Judge James L. Robart did not recuse himself, even though the law requires federal judges to recuse themselves from cases where they have a conflict of interest.

He issued a temporary restraining order halting the ban. The state of Minnesota also joined the lawsuit. The Trump administration appealed to the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, asking for an emergency stay of the TRO. The Ninth Circuit is the most liberal of the federal circuit courts. The economist Thomas Sowell once said that someday that court “may declare the Constitution unconstitutional.”

A three judge panel refused to lift the TRO. In a 29-page decision issued on February 9, the court declared that the EO was not likely to be found constitutional, and the failure to enter a stay would not cause irreparable injury.

The administration asserted that the court doesn’t have the authority to review the EO. “It is beyond question, that the federal judiciary retains the authority to adjudicate constitutional challenges to executive action,” the judges responded.

And they weren’t going to help the administration improve it. “More generally, even if the TRO might be overbroad in some respects, it is not our role to try, in effect, to rewrite the Executive Order.”

The Panel’s Reasoning

How did the panel justify their decision, when the EO seems to be perfectly legal under federal law?

First, the three judges addressed whether the two states had standing to file the lawsuit. In order to bring a lawsuit in federal court, someone must have a personal stake in the issue and show the injury will cause real damage soon that can’t be repaired later.

The panel declared that the states had shown that the ban would hurt their public universities by keeping students from attending and the damage would be irreparable. This has been criticized as a stretch. The connection between the state and immigrants attending its universities affected by the ban isn’t very direct. Nor is the harm imminent, as no immigrants have been stopped yet from attending.

Second, the court addressed the question of whether the ban would succeed on the merits and be upheld by a higher court. The court said it wouldn’t because it wasn’t constitutional.

The panel opined that it violates the due process rights of certain types of immigrants. In particular, the three judges said they “cannot rely upon the Government’s contention that the Executive Order no longer applies to lawful permanent residents.” They also hinted that the ban wasn’t likely to succeed because it constitutes religious discrimination against Muslims.

The court was dismissive of the administration’s claim that the TRO could cause the country irreparable harm. “The Government has pointed to no evidence that any alien from any of the countries named in the Order has perpetrated a terrorist attack in the United States.”

Critics of the decision argue that this ignores the fact that several nationals from those countries have been arrested on suspicion of terrorism. Being killed by terrorists would certainly constitute irreparable harm for the victims.

The President Is Not Pleased

Trump tweeted his outrage that the opinion didn’t even mention the federal law authorizing his EO.

If Trump appeals to the U.S. Supreme Court, he could lose there too. With his SCOTUS nominee Neil Gorsuch not yet on the court, it tilts to the left. Even if the swing vote Anthony Kennedy votes with the conservative wing, the result would be a 4-4 split, which means the Ninth Circuit’s decision stands.

Of course, the Ninth Circuit is the circuit court whose decisions are most reversed by the Supreme Court. Even some on the left are criticizing the decision. Liberal Harvard Law Professor Emeritus Alan Dershowitz explained on MSNBC’s Morning Joe that the EO was constitutional, but the legal battle would take too long. He said Trump would be better off rewriting it. The ruling “looks like it’s based more on policy than on constitutionality,” he noted.

Trump is reportedly now redoing the EO to comply with the Ninth Circuit’s opinion. “We’ll be doing something very rapidly having to do with additional security for our country,” he announced during a press conference yesterday. “You’ll see something next week.”

If a court overturns the new order, it will be the first time Washington state sets immigration law for the nation. (For more from the author of “What Is Likely to Happen With Trump’s Travel Ban” please click HERE)

Follow Joe Miller on Twitter HERE and Facebook HERE.

Time to Push Back Against Fake Judges Tearing Down the Constitutional Fabric of the Nation

Late yesterday, the three-judge motions panel of the Ninth Circuit, in a per curiam order, denied the federal government’s motion to stay the Temporary Restraining Order issued by a single district court judge from Washington State enjoining enforcement nationwide of President Trump’s Executive Order on immigration and refugees. Primarily in contention were two provisions of the Executive Order: (i) suspending for 90 days the entry of aliens from seven countries (Iraq, Iran, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, and Yemen) and (ii) suspending for 120 days the United States Refugee Admission Program.

Although the policy underlying the President’s Executive Order always is debatable in the public arena, the basic question before the Courts is whether the Executive Order is lawful — that is, does the President have statutory, and Constitutional, unreviewable authority to issue it. That issue was conveniently overlooked by the Courts, who, yet again, preferred to impose their own policy preferences under the guise of a judicial order.

Executive Order. Certainly, it would have been better crafted if the Executive Order had expressly excluded lawful permanent residents, rather than relying on a clarification issued by White House Counsel on that point. And it would have been better if the Executive Order had set out additional information about the threat of terrorism from the seven countries and refugees in general. However, those omissions did not make the exercise of presidential discretion reviewable by the federal court.

After all, as Justice Robert Jackson taught us in his concurring opinion in Youngstown Sheet and Tube Co. v. Sawyer, 343 U.S. 579 (1952): when a President acts pursuant to express Congressional authority, as here, his power is at its zenith. All that should have been required by the Court was the invocation of the statutory authority for the President’s actions giving him unbridled and unreviewable discretion. At that point, the Court’s role was done. It had no judicial authority to do what it did.

Oral Argument. The quality of advocacy for the United States has been challenged by many commentators — but we think that criticism misses the mark. The Justice Department attorney set out an argument that was fully sufficient to justify the President’s actions, and the Court certainly had before it all that it needed to decide the case properly. However, like many other modern federal judges who believe that they sit as super-legislators, these judges pressed government counsel to present to them the specific basis for the President’s decision, so that they could “rule” as to whether it was sufficient. Since the President made his decision after receiving information received from throughout the defense and intelligence communities, the court had no right to review his exercise of discretion.

Amicus Curiae Briefs. It was apparent that the lawyers developing the case for Washington and Minnesota, and their friends in the open borders community, were active in getting support from a variety of amici curiae technology companies as well as other States. In such cases, the advantage always goes to the party who is initiating the challenge. No Republican state Governor or Attorney General filed an amicus brief supporting the President. In fact, we filed one of only three amicus briefs supporting the President’s Executive Order, ours being filed on behalf of the United States Justice Foundation, Citizens United, Citizens United Foundation, English First Foundation, English First, Public Advocate of the United States, Gun Owners Foundation, Gun Owners of America, Conservative Legal Defense and Education Fund, U.S. Border Control Foundation, and Policy Analysis Center.

Our brief focused on two issues: the President’s statutory authority to suspend or even bar entry into the United States of any alien or group of aliens, demonstrating that his power has never been successfully challenged — and often has never been challenged at all. Secondly, our brief demonstrated the flaws in the vetting process for refugees, citing a report done by the Obama Department of Homeland Security. Neither of these matters were addressed even in passing by the panel.

Standing. Plaintiff States of Washington and Minneapolis claimed to have standing because they were acting parens patriae for its citizens — an approach that has been repeatedly rejected by federal Courts — and the panel declined to find standing on that basis.

The Plaintiff States also asserted a violation of the Establishment Clause, where the federal courts have virtually automatically found standing by any plaintiff making any accusation, but the panel declined to rely on that ground as well.

Rather, the panel relied on the “proprietary” interests of the States in that they operate state facilities such as universities which would be affected. According to the panel, however, the States have standing to contest the legality and constitutionality of the Trump order because their respective universities “have a mission of ‘global engagement’ and rely on … visiting students, scholars, and faculty to advance their educational goals,” and the Trump order interferes with their travel plans. In other word, the States are claiming, as a legal right, that its global educational policies override the nation’s interest in protecting her people from the threat of terrorism.

Truly, neither State brought a claim of its own, but only (at best) the claim of another. According to declarations filed by the States, two “visiting scholars” and “three prospective employees” — all of whom are subject to the Executive Order will not be able to come to Seattle, Washington. But do they have a legal claim to enter the country? There is nothing in the panel opinion indicating that they have anything but a unilateral expectation, not a right, to enter the United States. Thus, even those individuals do not have standing: they have suffered no legal injury.

Immigration Suspension. The 90-day suspension was made by the President pursuant to 8 U.S.C. Section 1182(f) which states:

“Whenever the President finds that the entry of any aliens, or any class of aliens, into the United States would be detrimental to the interests of the United States, he may by proclamation, and for such period as he shall deem necessary, suspend the entry of all aliens or any class of aliens as immigrants or nonimmigrants, or impose on the entry of aliens any restrictions that he deems appropriate.” [Emphasis added.]

Astonishingly, the panel opinion never even referenced this source of the President’s statutory authority.

Animus. One of the most dangerous “judge-empowering” doctrines that has snuck its way into Fake Constitutional Jurisprudence is the notion of animus. Made popular by Roemer v. Evans, 517 U.S. 620 (1996), this doctrine allows any federal judge to assert moral superiority to legislators, citizens who pass referenda, or even Presidents, and find that they had some “improper” motivation, which authorizes the court to substitute its pure judgment for the “hateful” judgment of legislators, voters, or executive branch officials.

Here, the panel presumed that President Trump was motivated by animus against Moslems, wholly ignoring the obvious fact that Islamic Terrorism is inexorably linked to Islam. And Islam is not just a religion, but also a political system — which denies the authority of a constitutional republic to establish laws that apply to all who reside in the country.

But the judges could have believed that Islam is a religion of peace, and it still should have upheld the Executive Order. The seven countries targeted by the ban had been previously identified as associated with a heightened risk of terrorism pursuant to 8 U.S.C. Section 1187(a)(12), and were thus already excluded from the visa waiver program because of international terrorists threats posed by those nations.

Nevertheless, Section c(g) of Trump’s Executive Order allowed for entry on a case-by-case basis. Although the panel questioned the efficacy of the White House Counsel’s clarification of the Executive Order that it did not apply to immigrants admitted with the privilege of residing permanently in the United States, that already was provided for by 8 U.S.C. Section 1101(a)(20).

The panel decision asserts that no aliens from the seven named countries have engaged in acts of terrorism — presumably based on the judge’s reading of the newspapers, and the fact that the Justice Department did not introduce into the record information that the Administration released publicly during the pendency of the litigation, about threats from individuals from those countries.

Refugee Suspension. The 120-day suspension in the refugee program was made pursuant to the President’s power to oversee that program under 8 U.S.C. Section 1157(a). The number of refugees that may enter the country is set by statute, and may not exceed 50,000, “unless the President ‘determines’ — before the beginning of the fiscal year, and only after ‘appropriate consultation’ with cabinet-level representatives of the President and members of the Committees on the Judiciary of the Senate and the House — that the proposed number of refugees is “justified by humanitarian concerns … or is otherwise in the national interest.” 8 U.S.C. Section 1157(d)-(e).

The District Court order included no careful analysis of either the EO or its statutory underpinning. The District Judge granted the plaintiff States request for a TRO on the generalized finding that the States were “likely” to prevail on the merits, that the EO was unlawful, providing no analysis or authority for that conclusion. Although we have seen orders denying relief with such cursory treatment of issues, we cannot recall reading an order imposing a TRO without a careful analysis.

Shifting Burden on Appeal. On appeal to the Ninth Circuit for a stay of that TRO, the burden shifted from the States having to demonstrate the likelihood of winning on the merits to the federal government having to prove that it was likely to prevail on the merits. To that end, the federal government submitted to the court of appeals the claim that, first of all, what President Trump had done was authorized by statute, and second, that the President’s actions did not violate the Constitution, as claimed by the Plaintiff States.

The threshold questions for the court should have been (i) whether President Trump’s action was authorized by Congress, and (ii) whether that the statutes conferred unreviewable authority to suspend the admission of any class of aliens and the ongoing screening refugee process. Yet it never addressed either issue.

Instead, the three-judge panel created a strawman by mischaracterizing the federal government’s claim to be that the President’s decisions about immigration policy, particularly when motivated by national security concerns, are “unreviewable” — even if those actions potentially contravene constitutional rights and procedure.” By posing this broad question, the panel lumped the President’s action to “suspend” for a limited period of time to protect the national interest, with “all executive exercises of immigration authority”:

“The present case … is not about the application of a specifically enumerated congressional policy to the particular facts presented in an individual visa application. Rather, the States are challenging the President’s promulgation of sweeping immigration policy.”

If that were truly the case, then one wonders whether the matter before the courts constitutes a “case” or “controversy” and within the power of the judiciary — or whether the States of Washington and Minnesota should take their beef to Congress.

Throughout the panel opinion, the court insists that it has jurisdiction to determine whether the constitutional rights of persons affected by the EO have been violated and that the federal government has failed to demonstrate that it will prevail against those claims.

First, the panel insists that “[t]he Government has not shown that the Executive Order provides what due process requires, such as notice and a hearing prior to restricting an individual’s ability to travel.” (Emphasis added.) But the panel utterly fails to acknowledge that the due process principles of notice and a hearing are not triggered unless and until the person demonstrates that his desire to travel into the United States is a “liberty or property” interest within the meaning of the due process guarantee. As Judge Gorton of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts has ruled in denying injunctive relief — there is “no constitutionally protected interest in either obtaining or continuing to possess a visa.” Indeed, as Judge Gorton also has observed, “a non-citizen has no ‘inherent property right in an immigrant visa.’” Thus, he concludes, such a person has no due process rights.

Second, the panel makes a similar mistake in assessing the likelihood of the federal government showing that the Executive Order unconstitutionally constitutes religious discrimination. The panel fails to lay down a predicate that “disfavoring Muslims” from seven named countries discriminates on the basis of religious faith — not nationality. With respect to the President’s power to exclude aliens, there is nothing unconstitutional about a law or ruling based upon a person’s nationality. Singling out seven predominantly Moslem nations, as the Executive Order does here, is a classic example of the use of a “Muslim ban” based on nationality, not on religious faith. However, even if the Executive Order barred entry to the country by alien Muslims as a class, we have been unable to find a single reported federal court decision under 8 U.S.C. Section 1182(f) which supports the proposition that such a determination would be impermissible under federal law.

Additionally, there is nothing in either the Establishment Clause, the Free Exercise Clause, or the equal protection guarantee that prohibits the special concern for Christians who are being persecuted in Moslem countries and, therefore, given special consideration in the nation’s refugee program. After all, religious persecution is one of the grounds upon which a person may be eligible for refugee status, and the Executive Order does not close the door to affording similar protection of people of different religious faiths.

From the time that the district judge entered his TRO to the day that the Ninth Circuit Motions Panel ruled, this conflict has sharply divided the country, eliciting emotional reactions galore — the most notable of which was President Trump referring to the district judge as a “so-called judge.” The President’s characterization may be crude, but it reflects the views of ordinary Americans who are fed up with a ruling class which thinks it knows better than anyone else how we should live our lives.

Follow Joe Miller on Twitter HERE and Facebook HERE.

New Terror Sanctions Would Strike at the Heart of Iran’s War Machine

President Donald Trump’s administration is mulling designating the Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps a terrorist organization, Reuters reports.

The IRGC is one military force of the Islamic Republic of Iran which reports directly to the supreme leader, Ayatollah Khamenei. The IRGC is charged with training and arming terrorist organizations like Hezbollah, and deploying troops to places like Syria or Iraq.

Trump’s order would not immediately designate the IRGC a terrorist organization, but would instead instruct the Department of State to review current policy. The Department of the Treasury in 2007 sanctioned elements of the IRGC “entities and individuals engaged in or supporting proliferation and terrorism.”

Trump’s order would likely rile Iran’s current ruling elite, further increasing tensions between the U.S. and Iran. Increased sanctions on Iran could even lead to Iran pulling out of the 2015 nuclear deal.

Trump also sanctioned Iran Friday for conducting missile tests in violation of United Nations sanctions in late January. Trump has repeatedly blamed the Obama administration for failing to curb Iran’s increasingly aggressive ballistic missile tests and nefarious activity after the signing of the 2015 nuclear deal. IRGC terrorist designation would also fit with National Security Advisor Mike Flynn’s warning that Iran is “on notice.” (Read more from “New Terror Sanctions Would Strike at the Heart of Iran’s War Machine” HERE)

Follow Joe Miller on Twitter HERE and Facebook HERE.

Trump’s Acting Treasury Secretary, an Obama Holdover, Helped Craft Iran Nuclear Deal

As President Donald Trump’s nominee for treasury secretary continues to wait for Senate confirmation, an architect of the Obama administration’s Iran nuclear deal is currently running the agency.

Acting Treasury Secretary Adam Szubin—who had been a career department employee—previously served as the acting undersecretary for terrorism and financial crimes in the Obama administration. The Senate never confirmed Szubin.

A White House spokesman told The Daily Signal this week there are no announcements planned as to whether Szubin will remain in the Treasury Department after Trump’s nominee, Steven Mnuchin, is confirmed as treasury secretary. Mnuchin is expected to get a Senate vote Saturday.

Since Jan. 20, and until Mnuchin is confirmed, Szubin is running the agency. It’s the same type of role that Sally Yates had at the Department of Justice before she was fired Jan. 30 for refusing to defend Trump’s immigration executive order.

The Treasury Department is charged with implementing the Trump administration’s new Iran sanctions. White House press secretary Sean Spicer told The Daily Signal during a press briefing this week those sanctions were applied and “went off without a hitch.”

The Trump administration last week announced new economic sanctions on 13 Iranian individuals and 12 Iranian companies in response to the country’s missile test in support of Houthi rebels in Yemen. The sanctions do not affect the Obama administration’s negotiated multilateral nuclear deal with Iran, known as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action.

The Treasury Department did not respond to questions from The Daily Signal.

Keeping former Obama administration officials on board could threaten the effectiveness of the new sanctions, said Fred Fleitz, a former chief of staff for arms control and international security at the State Department, working under then-undersecretary John Bolton.

“I would be concerned about implementation and enforcement of Iran sanctions with Obama holdovers in place,” Fleitz, now the senior vice president for policy and programs at the Center for Security Policy, a national security think tank, told The Daily Signal in a phone interview. “Having a confirmed treasury secretary in fast should be a priority.”

Fleitz said he is more concerned with State Department officials in the arms control bureaus, who are hostile to Trump and strongly support the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, being in charge of the deal.

Szubin’s time is limited at this point, and it could be too early to pre-judge what he will do, said Mark Dubowitz, a CEO of the Foundation for Defense of Democracies, a national security think tank.

“Adam Szubin is a strong believer in the Iran deal, but he is a consummate professional who is extraordinarily talented at finding innovative ways to squeeze the Iranian regime. But he is leaving soon,” Dubowitz told The Daily Signal in an email.

The Wall Street Journal reported last month that Trump chose to keep Szubin at the Treasury Department for now to maintain continuity, but that report regarded his acting undersecretary role. It could also be a sign of the new administration’s policy, said Jim Phillips, senior research fellow for Middle Eastern affairs at The Heritage Foundation.

“I think it is one more sign that the Trump administration is in no hurry to tear up the deal and is still reviewing its options,” Phillips told The Daily Signal in an email.

Szubin’s job as acting undersecretary for terrorism and financial intelligence was to disrupt financial support to international terrorist organizations, proliferators of weapons of mass destruction, and narcotics traffickers. President Barack Obama nominated Szubin to this political position in 2015 in an acting role, though the Senate never confirmed him.

Before the Iran deal, Szubin also helped to draft tough sanctions against Iran, which he later said helped force the country to negotiate.

Speaking at the Atlantic Council and the Iran Project Symposium on Dec. 17, 2015, Szubin said:

Our sanctions worked as intended. Iran would not have come to the table as seriously as it did were it not for the powerful array of sanctions robustly enforced by the U.S. and our allies around the world. And once Iran came to the table, we reached a strong, comprehensive deal that closes every pathway to an Iranian nuclear weapon.

While serving as acting undersecretary in the summer of 2015, Szubin traveled to Israel to lobby government officials to support the Iran nuclear deal, Foreign Policy reported.

Sen. Tom Cotton, R-Ark., blocked the Szubin nomination for undersecretary from coming to the Senate floor last year. He said Szubin is “well respected on both sides of the aisle,” but his key objection was to the Iran policy pushed by Obama, Secretary of State John Kerry, and Treasury Secretary Jack Lew.

“Until President Obama, and Secretary Kerry, and Secretary Lew publicly and conclusively renounce any intent to allow Iran to dollarize a foreign transaction, I will object to this nomination,” Cotton said, according to The Hill.

Cotton’s office did not respond to inquiries from The Daily Signal for this story.

Szubin began working in the Treasury Department under President George W. Bush as a career employee, serving as director of the department’s Office of Foreign Assets Control, a position he held from 2006 to 2015. Before that, Szubin worked in the Justice Department. From 1999 to 2000 he clerked for Judge Ronald Gilman, a President Bill Clinton appointee on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 6th Circuit. (For more from the author of “Trump’s Acting Treasury Secretary, an Obama Holdover, Helped Craft Iran Nuclear Deal” please click HERE)

Follow Joe Miller on Twitter HERE and Facebook HERE.